Calcified Root Canals: Obstruction, Etiology, Diagnosis, And Treatment In Endodontics

A calcified root canal occurs when mineralization obstructs the root canal space, hindering endodontic procedures. Etiology involves inflammation, pulp necrosis, and age. Histologically, calcified root canals exhibit obliterated canals and mineral deposition. Clinical features include difficulty accessing the canal and resistance to instruments. Radiographically, they appear as radiopaque material in the root canal. Treatment options include chemomechanical bypass techniques and laser-assisted endodontics to bypass the calcification and access the canal. Prognosis depends on the extent of calcification and infection presence. Understanding calcified root canals is crucial for successful endodontic treatment.